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  Find Out How Many Number of Vowels & Vowels in a Sentence & Remove duplicate elements func findVowelAndCount ( str : String ) -> (vowelCount: Int , vowelStr: String ) {         let vowels = "aeious"         var vowelsCounts = 0         var vowelsArray: [ String ] = []         var volsStr = ""                  for i in str. lowercased (){             if vowels. contains (i){                 vowelsCounts += 1                 if !vowelsArray. contains ( " \(i) " ){                     vowelsArray. append ( " \(i) " )                 }             }             volsStr = vowelsArray. jo...

  Singleton: - The Singleton is a Design Pattern. That only on single instance of a class. A Singleton can be accessed from anywhere in the program, but it cannot be modified from anywhere. It can only be modified from within the Singleton. It is, therefore, a means to protect globals. A Singleton class supports inheritance, while a Static class is a sealed class, and therefore cannot be inherited. A Singleton class can inherit from other classes, while a Static class cannot (not even from other static classes). The singleton pattern increases coupling. Disadvantages of singleton in Swift The global nature leads to dependency hiding. It can be difficult to unit test the code. It can lead to tightly coupled code. If the single Instance of the object becomes corrupted, the entire system is compromised A singleton class itself is not thread safe. Multiple threads can access the singleton same time and create multiple objects, violating the singleton concept. The singleton may als...

Subscripts:-  Subscripts are used to access information from a collection , sequence and a list in classes, structured and enumeration without using any sequence method. Or These subscript are used to store and retrieve the value with the help of index without sequence method. Syntax:-  Subscripts subscript(<perameters>) -> <return type>{   //getter  get{  //subscript value declarations     }   set(newValue){ // setter are optional     //definition here   } Example:-  Subscripts class yearsOfMonths {   var months = ["January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December"] subscript(index: Int) -> String{       get {             return months[index]]               }       set(newValue){               ...